In a few cases, the complaints were made by the members of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and right-wing organisations such as the Bajrang Dal and the Vishwa Hindu Parishad, and cases were lodged under Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) and the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act.

The Croatian flag is thus of rich cultural and historical importance to the nation’s citizens. The red, blue, and white stripes along with the chequerboard pattern are significant. To fully understand the history of Croatia, it is necessary to identify and understand the symbols on the Croatian Flag.

Vrinda Grover, lawyer and human rights activist. said waving the flag of a nation with which India has friendly relations is not an offence. “Such cases are registered to create a chilling effect. Political representation is very much part of freedom of expression, it has been assaulted in these cases. The Palestine Embassy is located in Delhi, merely waving a flag does not amount to a criminal offence,” Ms. Grover said.

The Croatian flag was officially adopted in December 1990, before Croatia declared independence in June the following year, even though it had been in use since July 1990. The Croatian flag has had the colours red, white, and blue since 1848.

According to a government website, “India’s support for the Palestinian cause is an integral part of the nation’s foreign policy.” In 1974, India became the first Non-Arab State to recognise Palestine Liberation Organization and in 1988, India became one of the first countries to recognise the Palestinian State.

With 25 red and white squares forming the basis of the shield, the chequers are an important feature of the flag. The upper left must be red by law, a difficult subject for most Croatians and a throwback to the Ustasha regime.

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The Croatian coat of arms, one of Europe’s most distinctive kinds, is displayed in the flag’s centre. The symbols on the Croatian Flag include five smaller shields on top of the main shield that reflect Croatia’s five historical regions. The main shield’s chequerboard pattern is almost as well-known as the country itself. The red and white squares that distinguish the flag and provoke so much passion (both positive and negative) throughout the region are known unofficially in the Croatian language as the ‘Sahovnica’ (meaning “chessboard”).

During the 2018 FIFA World Cup, the Croatian flag’s red and white chequers became an international sensation. Croatia’s red-and-white chequered national team shirt has been praised even before that, dating back to 1998 and the national team’s bronze medal performance in France. On the other hand, Croatian fans won the hearts and minds of the entire globe when their heroes made it to the final in Moscow in 2018.

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National flags are a source of pride, but certain countries have flags with a more illustrious history than Croatia's. In this article, we will look into the symbols on the Croatian Flag, and the flag’s significance.

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Srinagar parliamentarian Ruhullah Mehdi demanded the release of the arrested youths. “This is an assault on freedom of expression and that too an expression in favour of the oppressed people. As conveyed through telephonic conversation, the Police should release these men and avoid treating them as criminals,” he posted on X.

“Flags of Palestine are being waved as a sign of solidarity with the people of Gaza. India has never shied away from backing Palestine. A reason why a Palestinian embassy exists in New Delhi,” Mr. Bhattacharya said.

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Ans. The flag’s red, white, and blue colours were inspired by imperial Russia’s flag, which was an opponent of Austria-Hungary and so a prospective Croatian ally. Even though Croatians were unable to achieve independence at the time, the flag remained a symbol of hope for the future.

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Ans. The goat is said to have been associated with Istria from ancient times as an emblem of the region. There was no official flag symbol of Istria until the nineteenth century.

Croatia adopted the tricolour pattern in 1848, as the Habsburg Empire’s minority nationalities entered a period of cultural and national consolidation. The Sahovnica, on the other hand, dates back to 1495, when it got officially affiliated with Croatia for the first time.

Ans. It was during the FIFA World Cup of 2018 that people started noticing the chequerboard pattern of the Croatian flag.

CPI(ML) Liberation general secretary Dipankar Bhattacharya demanded the withdrawal of cases lodged against arrested persons in Bihar and elsewhere for waving Palestinian flags.

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On Thursday, one person was arrested in Jharkhand’s Dumka for waving the Palestinian flag during a Muharram procession. He was booked under sections 223 A (disobeying a public servant) and 292/3 (public nuisance) of the BNS. The sections are punishable by an imprisonment of six months and a fine.

The police action followed after Jharkhand BJP chief Babulal Marandi shared a video clip on X where a man is seen waving the flag. Calling for strict action against people with a “Talibani mindset”, Mr. Marandi said, “As a result of Muslim appeasement by the Hemant Soren government, people with anti-national extremist ideology in Jharkhand have now started openly displaying their nefarious intentions. Waving the Palestinian flag during the Muharram procession in Dumka, the deputy capital of the State, is an act of treason and also a despicable attempt to spread fear among the general public of the area.”

Pitambar Singh, Superintendent of Police (SP), Dumka said, “There is a particular place to do things, one cannot do anything at the place which can hurt others’ sentiments. There is a government order prohibiting people from provocative acts.”

Croatia’s national flag bears numerous resemblances to other countries in the region. Croatia is one of the five Slavic countries, with a flag that has three equal-sized red, white, and blue horizontal stripes. Serbia, Slovenia, Slovakia and Russia also have flags with a similar pattern.

In Jammu and Kashmir, around eight men were detained under sections 223, 152 (endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India), punishable by life imprisonment and Section 13 (unlawful activity) of the UAPA, punishable by seven years, for alleged pro-Palestine and pro-Hezbollah slogans, and waving flags during a Muharram procession.

Ans. It was during the FIFA World Cup of 2018 that people started noticing the chequerboard pattern of the Croatian flag.

There are three different animals on the Croatian Flag–three leopards on Dalmatia’s crest, a goat on Istria’s, and a marten on Slavonia’s crest. The Croatian name for marten is ‘Kuna’.

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On July 15, India contributed $2.5 million to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. Israel’s war in Palestine’s Gaza following the October 2023 attack by Hamas has claimed the lives of more than 36,000 people and destroyed most of Gaza.

However, the Croatian flag’s symbol has been used informally since the tenth century.  Following World War I, the chequerboard was used on the first flag of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which later became the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929.

After several people were arrested, detained and questioned in Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir over the past few days for waving Palestine flags, legal experts and political representatives questioned the basis of the arrests as India maintains diplomatic relations with Palestine.

Five smaller shields are arranged above a shield to make a crown. The smaller shields represent the five historical areas of Croatia: Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia (left to right).

In 1974, India became the first Non-Arab State to recognise Palestine Liberation Organisation and in 1988, India became one of the first countries to recognise the Palestinian State. In 1981, India released a commemorative postage stamp on the ‘International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People’. Photo: @IndianDiplomacy

In the 19th century, the Croatian flag featured a coat of arms in the centre, but it was different from the one used today. An earlier version of the same featured the shields of Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia.

Ans. The flag’s red, white, and blue colours were inspired by imperial Russia’s flag, which was an opponent of Austria-Hungary and so a prospective Croatian ally. Even though Croatians were unable to achieve independence at the time, the flag remained a symbol of hope for the future.

Ans. The goat is said to have been associated with Istria from ancient times as an emblem of the region. There was no official flag symbol of Istria until the nineteenth century.

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Ans. The smaller shields represent the five historical areas of Croatia: Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia (left to right).

According to a government website, “India’s support for the Palestinian cause is an integral part of the nation’s foreign policy.” File. | Photo Credit: AP

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In Madhya Pradesh’s Khandwa, three people were questioned by the police for allegedly raising the Palestinian flag during a Muharram procession on Wednesday but no case was registered. Khandwa SP Manoj Rai told The Hindu that a complaint was received from Bajrang Dal district president at the Moghat Road police station regarding waving of a flag during Muharram processions.

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Ans. The smaller shields represent the five historical areas of Croatia: Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia (left to right).

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The coat of arms initially came into existence during World War II. The red and white chequerboard, on the other hand, was adopted as a symbol in 1495 by the Kingdom of Croatia. The current coat of arms and the national flag started being used from December 21, 1990.

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At least four people have been arrested from Nawada and Darbhanga in Bihar in the past one week for allegedly waving a Palestinian flag during a procession held ahead of Muharram. Former Indian Police Service officer R.K. Vij said the FIR in this case may be justified only if waving Palestine flag had a “tendency to incite violence or create public disorder or incited violence or hatred among sections of society.”