The sports stadiums of today have nothing on the retractable dome design, which former Redskins owner George Preston Marshall patented in 1936.

Perhaps no player felt the coach’s influence more than Jerry Smith. In 1986, Smith was diagnosed with AIDS at age 43. Just 51 days before his death, he agreed to a formal interview with The Washington Post to share his disease with the public and help change the stereotype of HIV and AIDS. “Maybe it will help people understand. Maybe it will help with development and research. Maybe something positive will come of this,” he stated. When he was on his deathbed, he reflected on his relationship with Lombardi, the coach who made him feel safe in an unsafe world. “Every important thing a man searches for in his life, I found in Coach Lombardi. He made us men."24

Lombardi’s personal connection to homosexuality came through his brother, Harold, who was gay. Harold came out to his parents through a letter after relentless questions about when he would get married. Harold recalled being “very nervous waiting for a response,” but his father responded simply, “I don’t care. You are my son.”

In his book entitled Closing the Gap, former Packers defensive end Willie Davis recalled that "Right from the start [Lombardi] treated us as equals, just players competing for a spot on the team. He chose not to see color in an era where most chose to look the other way."15

In addition to his well-known “winning isn't everything, it is the only thing,” coaching mindset, Vince Lombardi was a strong advocate for equality. As Slate writer Johnny Smith observed in 2017, the coach’s politics were complicated – he “embodied a mixture of conservative and liberal impulses.” But one thing was certain: he abhorred discrimination.13

Be that as it were, Washington may have been in worse shape in 1969 than the Packers had been when Lombardi got there. The Redskins had consistently finished in the lower rungs of the league standings for years and had been mired in controversy due to their reluctance to integrate. Washington was the last team in the league to sign any black players and only did so reluctantly in 1962 when the Federal government threatened to prohibit them from playing in the brand-new D.C. Stadium.7

Vince Lombardi wasn’t planning to continue coaching after he resigned as head coach with the Green Bay Packers. Instead, he was going to get away from that stress-filled lifestyle and move into a general manager position with the Packers. “I’m still a young man, but I doubt I would ever go back to coaching,” Lombardi said when he moved to the front office after the 1967 season.1 After just a year as general manager, he found himself longing to be on the sidelines again. “I’m certainly getting a little itchy,” Lombardi admitted in August of 1968. Soon enough, this itch overcame his life.2

Scott Allen, ”Washington’s Jerry Smith among those who paved the way for Carl Nassib’s coming out as gay,” Washington Post, June 24, 2021.

There’s also another meaning to the colors and stripes. “The key to understanding the symbolism of the Bi Pride Flag is to know that the purple pixels of color blend unnoticeably into both the pink and blue just as in the ‘real world,’ where bi people blend unnoticeably into both the gay/lesbian and straight communities,” Page said.

(As fate would have it, McDonald ended up being cut from the team. It was not because of his homosexuality, however. Rather it was due to Lombardi having issues with the player showing up late to a team meeting – a cardinal sin in Lombardi’s eyes, as he was obsessed with punctuality.)

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Reflecting on his career, that legacy was twofold. On the field, Lombardi transformed the Redskins into a winning team. Off the field, he made them a more inclusive one. In a time where racism ran rampant throughout the country, Lombardi stuck up for his players. In a time where gay athletes “would’ve been blackballed” if they came out as gay while they were professional athletes, Lombardi did his best to provide a haven for them.23

John Keim, ”’You fought like mad for him’: Stories from Vince Lombardi’s season coaching Washington,” ESPN, October 20, 2022.

Not only has the flag grown in popularity over the past 22 years, it's also inspired what's commonly referred to as "bisexual lighting." Bi lighting is when an image, video, or film uses shades of purple, blue, and pink, to underscore a person's bisexuality. A prime use of bisexual lighting occurs in Janelle Monáe's music video for "Make Me Feel." (The song has actually been hailed as a bisexual anthem!)

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Lombardi’s desire to win had not waned during his short stint away from coaching. Immediately after accepted the position in Washington, he famously declared that he “will demand a commitment to excellence and to victory.”6

When Lombardi arrived to coach the Redskins in 1969, discrimination against LGBT Americans was not only the norm, it had been codified for almost 20 years. Beginning in the 1950s, in what became known as the Lavender Scare, the Federal government had undertaken a decades-long effort to remove gay men and lesbians from Federal jobs.

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He had been picky over his decision of what team to join, though, turning down offers from the Boston Patriots and Philadelphia Eagles because of his overall preference for Washington. “Why did I choose Washington among offers from other cities? Because it is the capital of the world. And I have some plans to make it the football capital.”5

Vince Lombardi’s time in Washington came to an unexpectedly abrupt end after just one season. On September 3, 1970, the coach passed just ten weeks after he was diagnosed with an aggressive form of colon cancer. His players and the city mourned greatly for the loss of the coach they only got to know for a year. Mike Bass, cornerback for the Redskins reflected that "Not only was he our coach, he was the whole city's coach, including Richard Nixon. [Lombardi] brought that city together. We became celebrities. Wherever we went in Washington we were greeted with open arms and everyone wanted to talk about Lombardi and what he was like."22

I discovered the bi flag shortly after coming out as bisexual; immediately, I felt connected to it. I felt seen. I felt that the flag speaks to who I am and acknowledges the fact that being bisexual is really different than being gay, but still, it's equally valid.

“We’ll start signing Negroes when the Harlem Globetrotters start signing whites” - Redskins policy in 1961, as the only all-white NFL team.

The upside-down pineapple has become an iconic symbol of swinging since its rise to fame as part of the swinger culture in Colonial America.

Lombardi kicked off his tenure with a “four-day orientation program” in June of 1969, so the coach could get a feeling of what he was working with. As he told the Washington Post, there were reasons for optimism, remarking “This is more team speed than I’ve seen around.” Though training seemed to get off to a good start, Lombardi’s no-nonsense coaching tactics kicked in too.10

Jerry Smith was another closeted gay player who excelled for the team and had a very close relationship with Lombardi. "Lombardi protected and loved Jerry," Dave Kopay recalled about his former teammate and coach. Smith, who became one of the top tight ends in the league, enjoyed perhaps his finest season under Lombardi, earning All Pro honors in 1969.21

These players included Ray McDonald, who was struggling to recover from a hurt Achilles tendon during Lombardi’s 1969 training camp. Rumors of McDonald’s sexuality had been swirling around some time at that point, which made him a target to some assistant coaches. Lombardi protected this player from potential harassment by instructing his staff to help the running back make the team. “And if I hear one of you people make reference to his manhood, you’ll be out of here before your ass hits the ground.”20

A large part that drove Lombardi to take the position in Washington came from his wife’s desire to live on the east coast. Mrs. Lombardi had struggled living in Green Bay, overusing drugs and alcohol, and wanted Lombardi to get back into coaching. "My wife wants me back coaching. She told me I was a damn fool to get out of it,” he remarked.4

He certainly had a proven track record. Prior to his arrival in Green Bay in 1959, the Packers had not had a winning season in 11 years. Over the next nine seasons, he led the team to five league championships including victories in the League’s first two Super Bowls.

2024829 — Reminds me of the Chrysler Turbine car. My First Thought too. Ford Turbine Thunderbird. Where's my 3D Print of this car? LoL. :). Like 1.

I’m not the only bisexual who's felt this way, which is why there’s actually a bisexual pride flag. And in the past seven or so years, I've seen the bi pride flag pick up use and traction within the greater bisexual community.

In a 2014 documentary for NFL Films, Hall of Fame receiver Charley Taylor recalled that the Redskins became known for fostering a welcoming environment for gay players. “We had a reputation across the league. The Redskins had more gay guys than anybody. We had 12 at one time, I think. We were just playing football. We didn’t care. If you could play, we didn’t worry about that.”19

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2017829 — Demand for Confederate flags at Chris Ackerman's Civil War memorabilia shop in Pennsylvania has surged since violence at a white nationalist ...

Most homosexual players never felt safe enough to come out, and many to this day choose to stay private about their sexuality. However, Lombardi did his best to make homosexual players feel respected and equal in a time when mainstream American society did not. Susan Lombardi, Vince’s daughter, best sums up the coach’s treatment of his players, gay and straight alike: "My father treated them all the same. Like dogs."18

And winners the Redskins became. Just one year after the team had limped to a 5-9 finish under Otto Graham in 1968, Lombardi drove the team to a 7-5-2 record in 1969. Though the on-field turnaround was dramatic – Washington posted its first winning record since 1955 – it was only part of Lombardi’s impact.

Although his actions were not commonly or publicly spoken about at the time, more recent memoirs and personal accounts of Lombardi’s time at the Redskins have shed light on the coach’s impacts.

On just the first day, Bill Kushner, quarterback, and Bob Brookshire, linebacker, were cut and other players were pushed to exhaustion. Bob Brunet, a running back, recorded feeling “sluggish all week” and “disappointed” with his physical condition.11

Likewise, Vince knew about his brother’s sexuality and decided to ignore his firm Catholic teachings against homosexuality to silently support his brother.16  Although the two brothers never spoke about Harold being gay, Vince displayed his acceptance through the way he treated his players.

“Back then gay people were almost thought of as deviant. It was really terrible at the time,” remarked Dave Kopay, who played nine years in the NFL – including two seasons in Washington – before retiring and becoming the first professional athlete to come out publicly.17

The attraction to men or masculinity. It's a polite, nonspecific way to ask what a certain person is attracted to. An androphilic man is homosexual, while an ...

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The demanding practices were not unusual for players under Lombardi, though. Ray Schoenke, a guard from Green Bay recalled his experience in Lombardi’s training camp as “the hardest six weeks of my life.” He appreciated the hard work demanded by his ex-coach, though, stating that “he drives you to the limit physically and then on top of that adds mental pressure. But that’s what you need to be a winner.”12

From top to bottom, the stripes on the bi flag are pink, purple, and blue. The pink and blue stripes take up 40% of the flag, while the purple stripe takes up 20%. The pink represents same-sex attraction, the blue represents opposite-sex attraction, and the purple represents both.

It was common for workers to lose their jobs at the slightest hints that they were gay which caused many to remain in the closet. This was the same truth facing players in the NFL during the 1960s.

The bi flag colors are a combination of pink, purple, and blue. In flag-maker parlance, that’s magenta, lavender, and royal blue. Page was inspired by the Biangles—two overlapping triangles, one blue and one pink—that were a lesser-known symbol of bisexuality at the time.

As an Italian American, Lombardi had faced discrimination for his darker complexion as his skin tanned very easily. In one trip to Winston-Salem with his wife, a hostess refused him service because of the darkness of his skin.14

Lombardi experienced secondhand discrimination through his football players’ experiences as well. During his time at the Packers, the integrated team was refused service while traveling through the Jim Crow South in the 60s. To ensure that no black players on his team would feel ashamed or degraded because of their skin tone, Lombardi declared that all Packers would stay in the same establishments on the road.

Over the next few months, various news sources teased fan bases around the league, all of which dreamed that the legendary coach might come to their town. On February 2nd, 1969, a Washington Post headline announced the coach’s decision: “Lombardi Acts To Join Redskins.”3

Lombardi’s colorblind approach to roster building continued in Washington. So, too did his inclusive attitudes toward homosexual players.

Although some were skeptical if Lombardi’s skills would be able to translate to the Redskins, fans kept faith.8  After news broke of Lombardi coming to Washington, fans flooded local news departments with calls to confirm if it was true.9  The potential of the greatest football coach coming to their team filled them with anticipation. After all, if he couldn’t turn the team around, who could?

I’ve loved the rainbow pride flag ever since I was a young, flamboyant queer. I think I was attracted to the bright colors. I was always one of those boys who preferred pink and yellow to blue. But being bisexual, I never quite felt connected to the rainbow flag. I didn’t look at it and think to myself, this represents me. I simply looked it and thought, this is pretty and gay.

Regardless of their success on the field, the Redskins have proven quite effective at predicting presidential elections over the years.

Bisexual activist Michael Page created the bisexual flag and it was unveiled at the BiCafe’s first Anniversary Party on December 5, 1998. Page said, “The intent and purpose of the flag is to maximize bisexual pride and visibility.”

Boundary Stones explores local history in Washington, D.C., suburban Maryland and northern Virginia. This project is a service of WETA and is supported by contributions from readers like you.

The Transgender Flag emoji is a ZWJ sequence combining 🏳️ White Flag, Zero Width Joiner and ⚧️ Transgender Symbol. These display as a single emoji on supported ...