Delawarestate bird

English Explorer Henry Hudson’s 1609 discovery of Delaware Bay led to European settlements in the area. In 1631, Dutch traders established Zwaanendael (archaic Dutch for "swan valley”) near present-day Lewes, which members of the Lenape tribe destroyed due to cultural misunderstandings. In 1638, Swedish settlers founded Fort Christina, now Wilmington, the first permanent European settlement in Delaware. New Castle, founded in 1651, was another significant settlement, serving as a major colonial port.

In 1619, while the Virginia Company was establishing a representative form of government, the first Africans arrived in the colony. By 1620 there were 32 Africans in the colony, but that number declined over the next few years due in part to diseases for which they had no immunity. The number of Africans in Virginia rose dramatically in 1628 when the captain of the ship Fortune sold 100 enslaved Africans for tobacco. Since Henrico farmer John Rolfe’s cultivation of a new strain in 1612, tobacco was the colony’s most successful cash crop. Once the tobacco from Virginia became the European favorite, its production spread from the Tidewater region to the Blue Ridge mountains. In port settlements like Henrico where export was growing, so did the desire for enslaved labor to cultivate the crop that became the basis for the “New World” economy. John Rolfe’s written accounts contain the first mention of the arrival of Africans in Virginia. Rolfe wrote to the treasurer of the Virginia Company in January 1620 that late in August 1619 the Dutch ship White Lion arrived at Point Comfort, now Fort Monroe, with “20 and odd Negroes” on board.

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European-introduced diseases, including smallpox and measles, killed many Native Americans in the Delaware Valley, and conflict over land and with the Iroquois Confederacy forced most surviving Lenape to relocate.

Paleo-Indians inhabited the area now known as Delaware at least 12,000 years ago. Thousands of years later, various Native American tribes, including the Algonquian, Lenape, Nanticoke and others, lived in settled communities, farmed and traded along the region’s waterways.

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Following the British defeat, delegates to the Constitutional Convention drafted a new U.S. Constitution, and Delaware was the first state to ratify it on December 7, 1787.

Delawarenicknames Blue Hen State

About Delaware, history.orgFacts & Symbols, delaware.govDelaware History, familysearch.org10 Things to Know About Delaware, usnews.comDelaware History: The State’s Role in the Civil War, delawaretoday.com

Delaware’s industries were crucial in supplying materials during both World Wars. Post-war, the state’s economy diversified into finance and corporate services, with Wilmington becoming a hub for credit card banking and corporate headquarters.

Delawarestate animal

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Delaware’s location along the Atlantic coast made it a strategic asset for trade and military operations during the war. The state contributed troops, including the Delaware Regiment and the “Blue Hen Chicks,” but saw only one Revolutionary War battle in 1777, at the Battle of Cooch’s Bridge.

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In just four months, the town grew to a fortified settlement. Frame houses lined three streets, and the men had built a wooden church, a brick foundation for a permanent church, storehouses, watchtowers, and huts. A university was planned at the site with the aim of teaching the Virginia Indians and converting them to Christianity. This effort failed and Henricus was abandoned after ongoing conflict between the two cultures culminated in a devasting attack on Henricus on March 22, 1622.

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The year 1619 also brought reforms in the colony that led to the establishment of the first general assembly. The colony was divided into settlements, or “plantations,” one being the City of Henrico. Each plantation sent representatives to Jamestown to meet for the first representative legislature in a British colony. Henrico’s representatives to the assembly were Thomas Dowse and John Polentine.

The state was key in shipbuilding, gunpowder production, and later chemical manufacturing. It is home to the first automated flour mills and the invention of the high-pressure steam engine. Agricultural output in Delaware includes poultry, dairy products, corn and soybeans.

Fort Delaware became a significant site during the war, holding Confederate prisoners, and nearly 12,000 Delawareans fought for the Union Army, while approximately 2,000 joined the Confederacy.

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In the years following the Virginia Indian uprising, the colonists engaged in regular attacks against the Indians, pushing them farther and farther westward.

Delawarenicknames the First State

Wilmington’s Quaker population played a crucial role in the Underground Railroad, helping enslaved people escape to freedom. However, despite the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, slavery continued in Delaware until the 13th Amendment was ratified in 1865. Delaware enforced Jim Crow laws into the late 1960s.

The Dutch and Swedes clashed over the territory, leading to the Dutch-Swedish War (1655-1657). The war ended with Dutch control, but the English seized the territory in 1664, incorporating it into the English colony of New York. William Penn gained the land in 1682, putting it under Pennsylvania governance, and in 1703, it was granted its own provincial assembly until 1776, when it became its own colony.

Among the most notable was French immigrant Éleuthère Irénée du Pont de Nemours, founder of the gunpowder-producing DuPont company founded near Wilmington in 1802. DuPont expanded, developing innovations such as nylon, neoprene, Teflon, Mylar, Kevlar, Lycra, Styrofoam and more, and remains in Wilmington as one of the nation’s oldest companies.

The early rule of law in the colony was established by Sir Thomas Dale who appointed military commanders to manage civil administration and local defense. By the time of the 1622 Virginia Indian battle with Henrico, the result of increased tension between the two cultures, Dale had established five settlements between Richmond and the Eastern Shore. With increasing numbers of English arriving to these settlements and continued attacks on the Virginia Indians, the indigenous tribes were forced further west. In 1624 England assumed control from the Virginia Company and in 1634 the crown officially divided the colony into eight shires, one being Henrico.

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Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, Delaware saw waves of immigration, particularly from Ireland, Germany and Italy, as people sought work in the state’s growing industries, which played an important role in the American Industrial Revolution.

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Delawarestate flower

From Franklin to Absaroka, a number of upstart territories just missed out on statehood at various points in U.S. history.

The Dutch and Swedes arrived in the early 17th century, with the Dutch founding the colony of New Sweden. The region’s name comes from the Delaware River and Delaware Bay, named after Sir Thomas West, Lord De La Warr, an English nobleman who became the first colonial governor of Virginia.

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Officials on Tuesday addressed the increase in pedestrian-related crashes and fatalities in Henrico and reiterated th  [...] Continue reading Pedestrian Safety Month is winding down, but Henrico’s focus on awareness and infrastructure isn’t letting up

1611, four years after Christopher Newport’s early explorations of what would become Virginia, Sir Thomas Dale left Jamestown to establish a settlement upriver. The party came to a peninsula on the north side of the river, now known as Farrar’s Island. It was here that Dale established the colony’s second settlement, “Henricus,” also referred to as the city or town of “Henrico.” The English named this colonization effort in honor of Prince Henry of Wales, son of James I.

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Officials on Tuesday addressed the increase in pedestrian-related crashes and fatalities in Henrico and reiterated th  [...] Continue reading Pedestrian Safety Month is winding down, but Henrico’s focus on awareness and infrastructure isn’t letting up

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A border state, Delaware was a slave state in 1861, divided between its northern and the southern population, much like the nation. However, it remained in the Union during the Civil War (1861-1865). When asked to join the Confederate cause, Delaware Governor William Burton said, “As the first state to join the Union, Delaware will be the last state to leave it.”

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In 1776, during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), Delaware’s delegates were divided on whether to vote for the Declaration of Independence. Famously, Caesar Rodney, elected to serve as the first president of Delaware two years later, rode 70 miles in the rain from Dover to Philadelphia to cast his vote for independence from England.

Delaware, often called “The First State,” was the first to ratify the U.S. Constitution on December 7, 1787. Delaware, which is the second smallest state in the country, holds significant historical importance, from its early embrace of democracy to ongoing contributions in chemical and corporate industries.